METHOD OF RENDERING COMPLEX POLYGONAL SCENES WITH APPLICATION OF FUNCTIONALLY SPECIFIED OBJECTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/KNTU2618-0340/2020.3.2-2.5Keywords:
rendering, polygons, levels of detail, functionally defined objects, GPUsAbstract
Recently, the capabilities of hardware visualization have increased significantly. However, handling complex scenes is still one of the most fundamental problems in computer graphics. At the same time, it is important to generate complex graphic objects with acceptable performance sufficient for dynamic and interactive modes.
A method for rendering complex scenes is presented. The main idea of the method is to generate a scene image by reconstructing it from a dynamically selected set of random surface sampling points.
The image of a complex three-dimensional scene consisting of primitives - triangles is visualized using reconstruction from a dynamically selected array of surface points.
Anchor points represent the complex geometry of the scene, so not every triangle needs to be processed separately during rendering. At the first stage, random sampling points are selected so that they cover projections of objects in the image plane approximately uniformly. In the second step, the method reconstructs the visibility between the selected anchor points.
The method is independent of grid connectivity and topology. As a result, the rendering time grows only logarithmically from the number of triangles in the scene. Automatically detecting scenes with low detail provides high-speed rendering. Precomputed data structures enable interactive dynamic scene updating.
To describe the surfaces, the deviation functions (second order) from the base quadric are used. To form models of complex objects based on perturbation functions, set-theoretic union and intersection operations using Boolean functions are used.
Memory requirements grow linearly with the number of triangles. The installation diagram based on the scene graph creates the conditions for a further reduction in memory. Functional objects were added to increase the complexity of scenes.
The proposed method can be effectively used in highly realistic computer graphics systems.
References
Vyatkin, S. I., Romanyuk, O. V., & Obidnik, M. D. (2009). Osobennosti poligonal'nogo modelirovaniya v sistemakh komp'yuternoy grafiki. Proceedings of the Sovremennyye problemy radioelektroniki, telekommunikatsiy i priborostroyeniya SPRTP–2009: materialy IV Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-tekhnicheskoy konferentsii. (Vinnitsa, October 8–10, 2009), Vinnitsa, pp. 24.
Vyatkin, S. I., Romanyuk, A. N., & Kostyukova, N. S. (2011). Bazy dannykh i modeliruyushchiye kompleksy dlya sistem vizualizatsii real'nogo vremeni. Proceedings of the Informatsionnyye tekhnologii i informatsionnaya bezopasnost' v nauke, tekhnike i obrazovanii: materialy Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii, (Sevastopol', September 5–10, 2011), Sevastopol, pp. 156–157.
Gortler, S., Grzeszczuk, R., Szeliski, R., & Cohen, M. (1996). The Lumigraph. Proceedings of the SIGGRAPH '96: 23rd Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. (New Orleans, August 4-9, 1996). New York: Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 43–54.
Shade, J., Gortler, S., He, L, & Szeliski, R. (1998). Layered Depth Images. Proceedings of the SIGGRAPH '98: 25th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. (Orlando, July 19-24, 1998). New York: Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 231242.
Levoy, M., & Hanrahan, P. (1996). Light Field Rendering. Proceedings of the SIGGRAPH '96: 23rd Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. (New Orleans, August 4-9, 1996). New York: Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 31-42.
Shade, J., Lischinski, D., Salesin, D., DeRose, T., & Snyder, J. (1996). Hierarchical Image Caching for Accelerated Walkthroughs of Complex Environments. Proceedings of the SIGGRAPH '96: 23rd Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. (New Orleans, August 4-9, 1996). New York: Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 75-82.
Schaufler, G. (1998). Per-Object Image Warping with Layered Impostors. Proceedings of the SIGGRAPH '98: 25th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. (Orlando, July 19-24, 1998). New York: Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 145-156.
Levoy, M., & Whitted, T. (1985). The Use of Points as a Display Primitive. Norh Carolina : University of Norh Carolina at Chapel Hill. (Technical report 85-022).
Vyatkin, S. I. (2016). Modelirovaniye neodnorodnostey pri vizualizatsii atmosfernykh effektov. Vestnik komp'yuternykh i informatsionnykh tekhnologiy. 7, 9–14.
Vyatkin, S., Romaniuk, S., & Romaniuk, O. (2015). Visualization of 3D-amorphous objects using free forms. Elektrotekhnicheskiye i komp'yuternyye sistemy. 19 (95), 227−230.
Vyatkin, S. I., Romanyuk, A. N., & Poddubetskaya, M. P. (2013). Animatsiya trekhmernykh ob"yektov. Izmeritel'naya i vychislitel'naya tekhnika v tekhnologicheskikh protsessakh. 1 (42), 207–211.
Vyatkin, S. I., Romanyuk, A.N., Pavlov, S. V., Moskovko, M. V., Askarova, N., Sagymbekova, A., Wojcik, W., & Kotyra, A. (2017). Fast Ray Casting of Function-Based Surfaces. Przeglad Elektrotechniczny. 5, 83−86. DOI:10.15199/48.2017.05.16
Grossman, J., & Dally, W. (1998). Point Sample Rendering. Proceedings of the Rendering Techniques '98: Eurographics Workshop in Vienna. (Vienne, June 29 – July 1, 1998), Vienne: Springer, pp. 181–192.
Rusinkiewicz, S., & Levoy, M. (2000). Qsplat: A Multiresolution Point Rendering System for Large Meshes. Proceedings of the SIGGRAPH '00: 27th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. (New Orleans, July 23-28, 2000). New York: ACM Press/Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., pp. 343-352.
Pfister, H., Zwicker, M., van Baar, J., & Gross, M. (2000). Surfels: Surface Elements as Rendering Primitives. Proceedings of the SIGGRAPH '00: 27th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. (New Orleans, July 23-28, 2000). New York: ACM Press/Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., pp. 335-342.
Vyatkin, S. I. (2007). Complex Surface Modeling Using Perturbation Functions, Optoelectronics, Instrumentation and Data Processing. 43, 3, 226-231.
